Anti-Inflammatory Markers IL-10 and IL-35:
Role in Developing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
OC01-OC03
Correspondence
Zahra Kashi,
Razi Street, Emam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran, Sari Postal code/P.O. Box: 4816633131, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iran.
E-mail: Kashi_zahra@yahoo.com
Introduction: Inflammatory state is considered as the pathogenesis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). Cytokines can cause insulin resistance and maybe the molecular basis of inflammation in Diabetes Mellitus (DM).
Aim: To assess the level of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in addition to a new anti-inflammatory cytokine, Interleukin-35 (IL-35), in pregnant women with and without GDM.
Materials and Methods: Participants in the study included 29 pregnant women with GDM (case group) and 29 healthy pregnant women (control group). Blood levels of IL-10, IL-35, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) were measured in all participants. Independent t-test and Chi-square test were used for data analysis. Quantitative data between three gestational subgroups (<29, 29-32, and >32 weeks) in each GDM and control group were compared by ANOVA test. The p-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The mean levels of IL-10 were 1.03±0.85 and 0.83±0.57 pg/mL (p=0.284) and the mean IL-35 concentrations were 10.2±8.1 and 8.8±4.3 pg/mL (p=0.437) in GDM and control groups, respectively. The mean CRP and ESR levels were higher in the GDM group than the controls but the differences were not statistically significant (p=0.33). In the GDM group, IL-10 was significantly lower at the early stage of pregnancy (<29 weeks) compared to the later stage (>32 weeks) (p=0.04), but this was not true in the control group. There was no significant difference between the mean level of IL-35 at different gestational ages in both GDM and control groups.
Conclusion: The present study showed the decreased level of anti-inflammatory marker IL-10 in the late stage of pregnancy in diabetic women especially during the last weeks of gestation. There was no correlation between GDM and IL-35.