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Association between Postpartum Depression and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder in Primigravida after Elective Caesarean Section: A Prospective Cohort Study
Correspondence Address :
Dr. Jhuma Biswas,
15P, Roypur Mandal Para Road, Gangulibagan, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
E-mail: drjhumabiswas78@gmail.com
Introduction: The determinants of Postpartum Depression (PPD), such as Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) are not properly focused specially in the developing countries like India. But, it may help in proper screening, early diagnosis and management of such cases with improved prognosis.
Aim: To determine the association between PPD and PMDD in primigravida undergoing elective caesarean section.
Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study included 78 primigravida undergoing elective caesarean section conducted in a tertiary centre from February 2019 to January 2020. PPD was screened by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the severity assessed by Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) on day 7,14,42 postpartum. Primarily, the association of PPD with PMDD was assessed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). The socio-demographic determinants of PPD were the secondary outcome measurement of this study. Unpaired Student's t-test and Chi-square test were used to determine the association. Numerical variables were analysed by Unpaired Student’s t-test and categorical variables were analysed by Chi-square test.
Results: Total 78 primipara females undergoing elective caesarean section participated, out of which six females were lost to follow-up, hence 72 were the study subjects. Total 22 participants (30.55%) developed PPD. The prevalence of PMDD was n=26 (36.11%) in study population (81.81% in depression group, 16% in non depression group). So, a greater prevalence of PMDD was noted in patients with PPD (p-value <0.0001). In the present study, marital satisfaction, planned pregnancy and family without any history of psychiatric disorders were found to be associated with lower prevalence of PPD.
Conclusion: This study with a small sample size gives a direction to assess the det
Beck depression inventory, Diagnostic and statistical
10.7860/JCDR/2021/50211.15593
Date of Submission: May 04, 2021
Date of Peer Review: Jun 24, 2021
Date of Acceptance: Aug 23, 2021
Date of Publishing: Nov 01, 2021
AUTHOR DECLARATION:
• Financial or Other Competing Interests: None
• Was Ethics Committee Approval obtained for this study? Yes
• Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? Yes
• For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. NA
PLAGIARISM CHECKING METHODS:
• Plagiarism X-checker: May 05, 2021
• Manual Googling: Aug 16, 2021
• iThenticate Software: Sep 13, 2021 (9%)
ETYMOLOGY: Author Origin
- Emerging Sources Citation Index (Web of Science, thomsonreuters)
- Index Copernicus ICV 2017: 134.54
- Academic Search Complete Database
- Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
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- EBSCOhost
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- HINARI Access to Research in Health Programme
- Indian Science Abstracts (ISA)
- Journal seek Database
- Popline (reproductive health literature)
- www.omnimedicalsearch.com