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Retrievability of Bioceramic Sealers Assessed using Micro-computed Tomography and Scanning Electron Microscopy: A Literature Review
Correspondence Address :
Dr. Faisal Alnassar,
Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia.
E-mail: f.alnassar@mu.edu.sa
Endodontic retreatment is a procedure to remove root canal filling material from the tooth, followed by cleaning, shaping, and obturation of the canals. Treatment outcomes may be influenced by incomplete removal of filling materials. The present literature review aimed to identify the techniques and materials used to remove Bioceramic Sealers (BCS) from the root canal system using Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). A search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases using applicable keywords such as ‘‘BCS’’ and ‘‘calcium silicate-based sealer’’ and ‘‘retreatment’’ and ‘‘retreatability’’ and ‘‘micro-CT’’ and ‘‘SEM’’ identified studies on techniques and materials used to remove BCSs from the root canal system, as assessed by micro-CT and SEM. A total of 46 studies were included in the review. Of these, 32 studies used Nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments, 11 used reciprocating systems, and three compared continuous nickel-titanium rotary and reciprocating systems with rotary systems and reciprocation in removing filling materials. Apical patency and Working Length (WL) could be achieved in a canal obturated with gutta-percha and a BCS. The review revealed that removing filling materials using various instrumentation protocols can be successful but incomplete. Both rotary and reciprocating systems can efficiently remove root-filling material. Using supplemental techniques can improve the cleanliness of the root canal during retreatment. Solvents require less time to reach the WL and achieve patency; however, they leave a larger amount of residual root canal-filling material than non solvents. Additionally, the formation of dentinal microcracks remains controversial during the non surgical retreatment of canals filled using BCSs.
Gutta-percha, Retreatment, Root canal, Root canal filling materials, Treatment outcome
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2024/69247.19509
Date of Submission: Dec 23, 2023
Date of Peer Review: Jan 14, 2024
Date of Acceptance: Mar 09, 2024
Date of Publishing: Jun 01, 2024
AUTHOR DECLARATION:
• Financial or Other Competing Interests: None
• Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? No
• For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. NA
PLAGIARISM CHECKING METHODS:
• Plagiarism X-checker: Dec 4, 2023
• Manual Googling: Jan 24, 2024
• iThenticate Software: Mar 08, 2024 (26%)
ETYMOLOGY: Author Origin
EMENDATIONS: 6
- Emerging Sources Citation Index (Web of Science, thomsonreuters)
- Index Copernicus ICV 2017: 134.54
- Academic Search Complete Database
- Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
- Embase
- EBSCOhost
- Google Scholar
- HINARI Access to Research in Health Programme
- Indian Science Abstracts (ISA)
- Journal seek Database
- Popline (reproductive health literature)
- www.omnimedicalsearch.com