
Olfactory and Gustatory Symptoms of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Correspondence Address :Kalpa Pandya,
82/1, Second Street, F Block, Anna Nagar East, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
E-mail: kalpa.pandya@gmail.com
Introduction: There is increasing anecdotal evidence that olfactory and gustatory dysfunction may be associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Aim: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to find the association of olfactory and gustatory symptoms with Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) and estimate their pooled prevalence.
Materials and Methods: PubMed, Embase, EBSCO and Cochrane databases were searched for cross-sectional, cohort and case-control studies evaluating olfactory and gustatory symptoms in patients with COVID-19. The search terms included COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, coronavirus, olfaction disorders, anosmia, hyposmia, dysgeusia and ageusia. Random effects model was used to calculate a pooled Odds Ratio (OR) and pooled prevalence.
Results: Total 14 studies were included in qualitative synthesis and 13 studies were incorporated in quantitative synthesis, involving 3,125 patients. The pooled OR was 15.59 reflecting that smell and taste disorders were strongly associated with COVID-19. The pooled prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction was 56% and 44%, respectively.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a significant association between olfactory and gustatory symptoms and COVID-19. Majority of the studies support the use of these symptoms as screening tools for COVID-19.
Ageusia, Anosmia, Smell, Taste
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2021/45714.14565
Date of Submission: Jul 07, 2020
Date of Peer Review: Sep 17, 2020
Date of Acceptance: Dec 14, 2020
Date of Publishing: Feb 01, 2021
AUTHOR DECLARATION:
• Financial or Other Competing Interests: None
• Was Ethics Committee Approval Obtained for this study? NA
• Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? NA
• For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. NA
PLAGIARISM CHECKING METHODS:
• Plagiarism X-checker: Jul 08, 2020
• Manual Googling: Nov 11, 2020
• iThenticate Software: Dec 28, 2020 (23%)
ETYMOLOGY: Author Origin
- Emerging Sources Citation Index (Web of Science, thomsonreuters)
- Index Copernicus ICV 2017: 134.54
- Academic Search Complete Database
- Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
- Embase
- EBSCOhost
- Google Scholar
- HINARI Access to Research in Health Programme
- Indian Science Abstracts (ISA)
- Journal seek Database
- Popline (reproductive health literature)
- www.omnimedicalsearch.com