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Authors are the souls of any journal, and deserve much respect. To publish a journal manuscripts are needed from authors. Authors have a great responsibility for producing facts of their work in terms of number and results truthfully and an individual honesty is expected from authors in this regards. Both ways its true "No authors-No manuscripts-No journals" and "No journals–No manuscripts–No authors". Reviewing a manuscript is also a very responsible and important task of any peer-reviewed journal and to be taken seriously. It needs knowledge on the subject, sincerity, honesty and determination. Although the process of reviewing a manuscript is a time consuming task butit is expected to give one's best remarks within the time frame of the journal.
Salient features of the JCDR: It is a biomedical, multidisciplinary (including all medical and dental specialities), e-journal, with wide scope and extensive author support. At the same time, a free text of manuscript is available in HTML and PDF format. There is fast growing authorship and readership with JCDR as this can be judged by the number of articles published in it i e; in Feb 2007 of its first issue, it contained 5 articles only, and now in its recent volume published in April 2011, it contained 67 manuscripts. This e-journal is fulfilling the commitments and objectives sincerely, (as stated by Editor-in-chief in his preface to first edition) i e; to encourage physicians through the internet, especially from the developing countries who witness a spectrum of disease and acquire a wealth of knowledge to publish their experiences to benefit the medical community in patients care. I also feel that many of us have work of substance, newer ideas, adequate clinical materials but poor in medical writing and hesitation to submit the work and need help. JCDR provides authors help in this regards.
Timely publication of journal: Publication of manuscripts and bringing out the issue in time is one of the positive aspects of JCDR and is possible with strong support team in terms of peer reviewers, proof reading, language check, computer operators, etc. This is one of the great reasons for authors to submit their work with JCDR. Another best part of JCDR is "Online first Publications" facilities available for the authors. This facility not only provides the prompt publications of the manuscripts but at the same time also early availability of the manuscripts for the readers.
Indexation and online availability: Indexation transforms the journal in some sense from its local ownership to the worldwide professional community and to the public.JCDR is indexed with Embase & EMbiology, Google Scholar, Index Copernicus, Chemical Abstracts Service, Journal seek Database, Indian Science Abstracts, to name few of them. Manuscriptspublished in JCDR are available on major search engines ie; google, yahoo, msn.
In the era of fast growing newer technologies, and in computer and internet friendly environment the manuscripts preparation, submission, review, revision, etc and all can be done and checked with a click from all corer of the world, at any time. Of course there is always a scope for improvement in every field and none is perfect. To progress, one needs to identify the areas of one's weakness and to strengthen them.
It is well said that "happy beginning is half done" and it fits perfectly with JCDR. It has grown considerably and I feel it has already grown up from its infancy to adolescence, achieving the status of standard online e-journal form Indian continent since its inception in Feb 2007. This had been made possible due to the efforts and the hard work put in it. The way the JCDR is improving with every new volume, with good quality original manuscripts, makes it a quality journal for readers. I must thank and congratulate Dr Hemant Jain, Editor-in-Chief JCDR and his team for their sincere efforts, dedication, and determination for making JCDR a fast growing journal.
Every one of us: authors, reviewers, editors, and publisher are responsible for enhancing the stature of the journal. I wish for a great success for JCDR."
Thanking you
With sincere regards
Dr. Rajendra Kumar Ghritlaharey, M.S., M. Ch., FAIS
Associate Professor,
Department of Paediatric Surgery, Gandhi Medical College & Associated
Kamla Nehru & Hamidia Hospitals Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462 001 (India)
E-mail: drrajendrak1@rediffmail.com
On May 11,2011
Dr. Shankar P.R.
"On looking back through my Gmail archives after being requested by the journal to write a short editorial about my experiences of publishing with the Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (JCDR), I came across an e-mail from Dr. Hemant Jain, Editor, in March 2007, which introduced the new electronic journal. The main features of the journal which were outlined in the e-mail were extensive author support, cash rewards, the peer review process, and other salient features of the journal.
Over a span of over four years, we (I and my colleagues) have published around 25 articles in the journal. In this editorial, I plan to briefly discuss my experiences of publishing with JCDR and the strengths of the journal and to finally address the areas for improvement.
My experiences of publishing with JCDR: Overall, my experiences of publishing withJCDR have been positive. The best point about the journal is that it responds to queries from the author. This may seem to be simple and not too much to ask for, but unfortunately, many journals in the subcontinent and from many developing countries do not respond or they respond with a long delay to the queries from the authors 1. The reasons could be many, including lack of optimal secretarial and other support. Another problem with many journals is the slowness of the review process. Editorial processing and peer review can take anywhere between a year to two years with some journals. Also, some journals do not keep the contributors informed about the progress of the review process. Due to the long review process, the articles can lose their relevance and topicality. A major benefit with JCDR is the timeliness and promptness of its response. In Dr Jain's e-mail which was sent to me in 2007, before the introduction of the Pre-publishing system, he had stated that he had received my submission and that he would get back to me within seven days and he did!
Most of the manuscripts are published within 3 to 4 months of their submission if they are found to be suitable after the review process. JCDR is published bimonthly and the accepted articles were usually published in the next issue. Recently, due to the increased volume of the submissions, the review process has become slower and it ?? Section can take from 4 to 6 months for the articles to be reviewed. The journal has an extensive author support system and it has recently introduced a paid expedited review process. The journal also mentions the average time for processing the manuscript under different submission systems - regular submission and expedited review.
Strengths of the journal: The journal has an online first facility in which the accepted manuscripts may be published on the website before being included in a regular issue of the journal. This cuts down the time between their acceptance and the publication. The journal is indexed in many databases, though not in PubMed. The editorial board should now take steps to index the journal in PubMed. The journal has a system of notifying readers through e-mail when a new issue is released. Also, the articles are available in both the HTML and the PDF formats. I especially like the new and colorful page format of the journal. Also, the access statistics of the articles are available. The prepublication and the manuscript tracking system are also helpful for the authors.
Areas for improvement: In certain cases, I felt that the peer review process of the manuscripts was not up to international standards and that it should be strengthened. Also, the number of manuscripts in an issue is high and it may be difficult for readers to go through all of them. The journal can consider tightening of the peer review process and increasing the quality standards for the acceptance of the manuscripts. I faced occasional problems with the online manuscript submission (Pre-publishing) system, which have to be addressed.
Overall, the publishing process with JCDR has been smooth, quick and relatively hassle free and I can recommend other authors to consider the journal as an outlet for their work."
Dr. P. Ravi Shankar
KIST Medical College, P.O. Box 14142, Kathmandu, Nepal.
E-mail: ravi.dr.shankar@gmail.com
On April 2011 Anuradha
Dear team JCDR, I would like to thank you for the very professional and polite service provided by everyone at JCDR. While i have been in the field of writing and editing for sometime, this has been my first attempt in publishing a scientific paper.Thank you for hand-holding me through the process.
Dr. Anuradha
E-mail: anuradha2nittur@gmail.com
On Jan 2020
Case report
Full Version
Bilateral Xanthogranulomatous Oophoritis Mimicking Malignancy- A Rare Case Report
Correspondence Address :
Prajna Das,
Plot No-784/786, Lane-3, Jaydev Vihar, Unit-16, Bhubaneswar-751013, Odisha, India.
E-mail: prajnadas68@gmail.com
Xanthogranulomatous Oophoritis is an uncommon form of chronic inflammation of genitourinary system. The exact aetiology of this entity is unknown, but it shares similar histopathological findings to those occurring in various other organs, including the gallbladder and kidney. It is often mistaken for ovarian malignancy clinically and radiologically. A vigilant histopathological evaluation is important to diagnose the disease. The current case is of 38-year-old, premenopausal female who presented with fever and lower abdominal pain. The case was suspected as bilateral malignant adnexal mass by imaging and tumor marker studies. Final diagnosis of bilateral xanthogranulomatous oophoritis was established after histopathological examination.
Adnexal mass, Genitourinary system, Histopathology, Radiology
A 38-year-old married, premenopausal female came to Outpatient Department of Gynaecology with history of intermittent fever and lower abdominal pain since 15 days. Her menstrual history was normal with regular cycles. On examination, abdomen was tender in both side iliac fosse and was mildly distended. Routine investigations included, haemoglobin was 10 gm/dL, total leukocyte count was 9,500/cumm and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 45 mm in first hour. Urine microscopic examination revealed 12-15 pus cells/hpf (high power field). Ultrasound of lower abdomen and pelvis showed bilateral thick walled ovarian cysts, left side measuring 5×5 cm and right side measuring 11×6 cm. Cancer Antigen-125 (CA-125) was 38.70 U/mL (normal range is 0-35 U/mL). Thinking the possibility of neoplastic pathology, total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was done and the specimen was received in Department of Pathology for histopathological evaluation.
On gross examination, by cutting open the uterus, a Copper Intrauterine device was present in the endometrial cavity. Uterus cervix measured 8.5×6×3.5 cm and endomyometrium measured 0.2×1.7 cm. Bilateral fallopian tubes measured 2.5 cm long each. Left and right sided ovarian cysts measured 4.5×4.3×1.5 cm and 10.5×5×3.5 cm respectively. On cut section of both the cysts, dirty greyish brown fluid came out. There were solid and cystic areas in both the ovarian cysts (Table/Fig 1)a,b. Wall thickness of the cysts varied from 0.2 to 1.5 cm. Solid areas appeared greyish yellow with irregular surfaces. Cut section of these solid areas was firm to soft with focal patchy yellowish areas.
Microscopic examination revealed uterus, cervix and both side fallopian tubes were normal in morphology. Bilateral ovarian cysts showed normal ovarian stroma, haemorrhagic cysts, and follicular cysts along with sheets of foamy macrophages, mixed inflammatory cells comprising of mostly lymphocytes, plasma cells, few neutrophils and occasional multinucleated giant cells (Table/Fig 2)a,b, (Table/Fig 3)a,b. With this histopathological findings to rule out possibilities of fungal infection and tuberculosis, Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stain and Zeihl Nelson stain for acid fast bacilli were done. Both the stains were negative. So, final histopathological diagnosis of bilateral xanthogranulomatous oophoritis was given. The postoperative period of the patient was uneventful. The patient was cured after proper antibiotics, analgesics and routine postoperative management.
Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is an unusual type of chronic inflammation that leads to destruction of the involved organs by inflammatory cells comprising of abundant lipid laden macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells and occasional neutrophils (1). It has been commonly seen in kidney, gallbladder, urinary bladder, bones, stomach, testis and epididymis (2). It is quite rare in female genital tract with cases usually limited to endometrium. Only few cases of involvement of female genital tract have been reported in India (3). Reported cases with involvement of ovaries are very few (1). Searching extensively past literature, only few reported cases of xanthogranulomatous oophoritis with fallopian tube involvement have been reported in the literature. Report of six cases in different age groups was found which were misdiagnosed clinico-radiologically as malignant ovarian neoplasm (4). First case of xanthogranulomatous inflammation of serosa of uterus, left fallopian tube and ovary was reported as inflammatory pseudotumour of the pelvis in 1976 by Kunakemakorn P et al., (5). Involvement of adjacent structures in pelvis creates diagnostic difficulties for the clinicians. Moreover, imaging studies shows thickened cystic walls with solid areas in the ovaries raises suspicion of neoplastic pathology
The exact aetiology of xanthogranulomatous oophoritis is not clear yet. Many theories have been suggested like association with leiomyoma, infection, endometriosis, use of Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD), inefficient or inappropriate drugs and abnormalities of lipid metabolism etc., (6). Infection being the most accepted theory as there is clinical evidence of infection and growth of bacteria like Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, Proteus vulgaris and Salmonella typhi in the affected tissue by culture and sensitivity study (3). Xanthogranulomatous oophoritis was described as a complication of typhoid by Singh UR et al., (7). It is hypothesised that colonisation of the IUCD in the endometrial cavity leads to bacterial shedding in the lumen of fallopian tube (8). During the time of ovulation the ovarian surface is exposed to bacteria from the tubes, the corpus luteum becomes infected and cause ovarian abscess (8).
It commonly affects 2-84 years of age with sign and symptoms of lower abdominal or suprapubic pain, fever, menorrhagia, adnexal tenderness and a pelvic mass radiologically (9). Its presentation as a mass lesion in pelvic cavity and infiltration of surrounding tissue can mimic a neoplastic lesion clinically and radiologically. It usually poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for the clinician.
On gross examination the affected ovary shows well circumscribed, solid, yellowish, lobulated mass along with cystic change. Microscopically, there is large infiltration by lipid laden macrophages known as xanthoma cells and inflammatory cells comprising of lymphocytes, plasma cells along with few neutrophils (3),(6),(8),(10). Most recommended treatment for xanthogranulomatous oophoritis is oophorectomy but as it mimics malignancy, extensive surgery is often performed (2),(3),(4),(5),(7),(8),(9),(10),(11).
Xanthogranulomatous oophoritis is a rare chronic inflammatory condition of the female reproductive tract whose clinical manifestations, imaging modalities and gross features can mimic ovarian malignancy. Thus, a proper preoperative diagnosis of this entity is essential for prevention of needless radical surgery and unwarranted psychological burden to patient.
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2022/51966.16191
Date of Submission: Aug 19, 2021
Date of Peer Review: Nov 27, 2021
Date of Acceptance: Jan 14, 2022
Date of Publishing: Apr 01, 2022
AUTHOR DECLARATION:
• Financial or Other Competing Interests: None
• Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? Yes
• For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. Yes
PLAGIARISM CHECKING METHODS:
• Plagiarism X-checker: Aug 20, 2021
• Manual Googling: Sep 07, 2021
• iThenticate Software: Jan 11, 2022 (17%)
ETYMOLOGY: Author Origin
- Emerging Sources Citation Index (Web of Science, thomsonreuters)
- Index Copernicus ICV 2017: 134.54
- Academic Search Complete Database
- Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
- Embase
- EBSCOhost
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- HINARI Access to Research in Health Programme
- Indian Science Abstracts (ISA)
- Journal seek Database
- Popline (reproductive health literature)
- www.omnimedicalsearch.com