Article in PDF
How to Cite
Citation Manager
Readers' Comments (0)
Audio Visual Article Statistics
Link
to PUBMED
Print this Article
Send to a Friend
Advertisers
Access Statistics Resources
Authors are the souls of any journal, and deserve much respect. To publish a journal manuscripts are needed from authors. Authors have a great responsibility for producing facts of their work in terms of number and results truthfully and an individual honesty is expected from authors in this regards. Both ways its true "No authors-No manuscripts-No journals" and "No journals–No manuscripts–No authors". Reviewing a manuscript is also a very responsible and important task of any peer-reviewed journal and to be taken seriously. It needs knowledge on the subject, sincerity, honesty and determination. Although the process of reviewing a manuscript is a time consuming task butit is expected to give one's best remarks within the time frame of the journal.
Salient features of the JCDR: It is a biomedical, multidisciplinary (including all medical and dental specialities), e-journal, with wide scope and extensive author support. At the same time, a free text of manuscript is available in HTML and PDF format. There is fast growing authorship and readership with JCDR as this can be judged by the number of articles published in it i e; in Feb 2007 of its first issue, it contained 5 articles only, and now in its recent volume published in April 2011, it contained 67 manuscripts. This e-journal is fulfilling the commitments and objectives sincerely, (as stated by Editor-in-chief in his preface to first edition) i e; to encourage physicians through the internet, especially from the developing countries who witness a spectrum of disease and acquire a wealth of knowledge to publish their experiences to benefit the medical community in patients care. I also feel that many of us have work of substance, newer ideas, adequate clinical materials but poor in medical writing and hesitation to submit the work and need help. JCDR provides authors help in this regards.
Timely publication of journal: Publication of manuscripts and bringing out the issue in time is one of the positive aspects of JCDR and is possible with strong support team in terms of peer reviewers, proof reading, language check, computer operators, etc. This is one of the great reasons for authors to submit their work with JCDR. Another best part of JCDR is "Online first Publications" facilities available for the authors. This facility not only provides the prompt publications of the manuscripts but at the same time also early availability of the manuscripts for the readers.
Indexation and online availability: Indexation transforms the journal in some sense from its local ownership to the worldwide professional community and to the public.JCDR is indexed with Embase & EMbiology, Google Scholar, Index Copernicus, Chemical Abstracts Service, Journal seek Database, Indian Science Abstracts, to name few of them. Manuscriptspublished in JCDR are available on major search engines ie; google, yahoo, msn.
In the era of fast growing newer technologies, and in computer and internet friendly environment the manuscripts preparation, submission, review, revision, etc and all can be done and checked with a click from all corer of the world, at any time. Of course there is always a scope for improvement in every field and none is perfect. To progress, one needs to identify the areas of one's weakness and to strengthen them.
It is well said that "happy beginning is half done" and it fits perfectly with JCDR. It has grown considerably and I feel it has already grown up from its infancy to adolescence, achieving the status of standard online e-journal form Indian continent since its inception in Feb 2007. This had been made possible due to the efforts and the hard work put in it. The way the JCDR is improving with every new volume, with good quality original manuscripts, makes it a quality journal for readers. I must thank and congratulate Dr Hemant Jain, Editor-in-Chief JCDR and his team for their sincere efforts, dedication, and determination for making JCDR a fast growing journal.
Every one of us: authors, reviewers, editors, and publisher are responsible for enhancing the stature of the journal. I wish for a great success for JCDR."
Thanking you
With sincere regards
Dr. Rajendra Kumar Ghritlaharey, M.S., M. Ch., FAIS
Associate Professor,
Department of Paediatric Surgery, Gandhi Medical College & Associated
Kamla Nehru & Hamidia Hospitals Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462 001 (India)
E-mail: drrajendrak1@rediffmail.com
On May 11,2011
Dr. Shankar P.R.
"On looking back through my Gmail archives after being requested by the journal to write a short editorial about my experiences of publishing with the Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (JCDR), I came across an e-mail from Dr. Hemant Jain, Editor, in March 2007, which introduced the new electronic journal. The main features of the journal which were outlined in the e-mail were extensive author support, cash rewards, the peer review process, and other salient features of the journal.
Over a span of over four years, we (I and my colleagues) have published around 25 articles in the journal. In this editorial, I plan to briefly discuss my experiences of publishing with JCDR and the strengths of the journal and to finally address the areas for improvement.
My experiences of publishing with JCDR: Overall, my experiences of publishing withJCDR have been positive. The best point about the journal is that it responds to queries from the author. This may seem to be simple and not too much to ask for, but unfortunately, many journals in the subcontinent and from many developing countries do not respond or they respond with a long delay to the queries from the authors 1. The reasons could be many, including lack of optimal secretarial and other support. Another problem with many journals is the slowness of the review process. Editorial processing and peer review can take anywhere between a year to two years with some journals. Also, some journals do not keep the contributors informed about the progress of the review process. Due to the long review process, the articles can lose their relevance and topicality. A major benefit with JCDR is the timeliness and promptness of its response. In Dr Jain's e-mail which was sent to me in 2007, before the introduction of the Pre-publishing system, he had stated that he had received my submission and that he would get back to me within seven days and he did!
Most of the manuscripts are published within 3 to 4 months of their submission if they are found to be suitable after the review process. JCDR is published bimonthly and the accepted articles were usually published in the next issue. Recently, due to the increased volume of the submissions, the review process has become slower and it ?? Section can take from 4 to 6 months for the articles to be reviewed. The journal has an extensive author support system and it has recently introduced a paid expedited review process. The journal also mentions the average time for processing the manuscript under different submission systems - regular submission and expedited review.
Strengths of the journal: The journal has an online first facility in which the accepted manuscripts may be published on the website before being included in a regular issue of the journal. This cuts down the time between their acceptance and the publication. The journal is indexed in many databases, though not in PubMed. The editorial board should now take steps to index the journal in PubMed. The journal has a system of notifying readers through e-mail when a new issue is released. Also, the articles are available in both the HTML and the PDF formats. I especially like the new and colorful page format of the journal. Also, the access statistics of the articles are available. The prepublication and the manuscript tracking system are also helpful for the authors.
Areas for improvement: In certain cases, I felt that the peer review process of the manuscripts was not up to international standards and that it should be strengthened. Also, the number of manuscripts in an issue is high and it may be difficult for readers to go through all of them. The journal can consider tightening of the peer review process and increasing the quality standards for the acceptance of the manuscripts. I faced occasional problems with the online manuscript submission (Pre-publishing) system, which have to be addressed.
Overall, the publishing process with JCDR has been smooth, quick and relatively hassle free and I can recommend other authors to consider the journal as an outlet for their work."
Dr. P. Ravi Shankar
KIST Medical College, P.O. Box 14142, Kathmandu, Nepal.
E-mail: ravi.dr.shankar@gmail.com
On April 2011 Anuradha
Dear team JCDR, I would like to thank you for the very professional and polite service provided by everyone at JCDR. While i have been in the field of writing and editing for sometime, this has been my first attempt in publishing a scientific paper.Thank you for hand-holding me through the process.
Dr. Anuradha
E-mail: anuradha2nittur@gmail.com
On Jan 2020
Case report
Full Version
Synchronous Primary Carcinoma of Cervix and Ovary-A Rare Case Report
Correspondence Address :
Renuka Rajiv Kulkarni,
F-1/7, F-Type Apartments, Sector-3, C.B.D. Belapur, Navi Mumbai-400614, Maharashtra, India.
E-mail: kulkarnirenuka85@gmail.com
Synchronous malignancies of female genital tract account for less than 3% of all genital tract neoplasms. Amongst synchronous tumours, ovarian with endometrial carcinoma accounts for 51.7% while ovarian with cervix accounts for less than 10% of them. Unusually, they have a favourable prognosis with 5 years survival rate being 73.3%. Authors hereby, present a case of 51-years-old female presented with bleeding per vagina and on examination cervical mass was detected. The cervical mass biopsy confirmed cribriform adenocarcinoma of cervix. Uterus and cervix could not be removed as it was FIGO (The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage III B (inoperable) thus was managed on chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A month later she presented with bilateral ovarian masses for which she had undergone bilateral oophorectomy and omentectomy. Histopathology confirmed moderately differentiated mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of bilateral ovaries. Thus a case of synchronous carcinoma of cervix and ovary was concluded. She tolerated all managements successfully.
Cervical neoplasms, Ovarian neoplasms, Primary malignancy, Synchronous
A 51-year-old (gravid 2, parity 2, abortus 0) female came with irregular bleeding per vagina and history of pain in abdomen on and off since two months. There was no history of diabetes, hypertension, tuberculosis, asthma, epilepsy, drug allergy or surgical history.
On examination, the respiratory, cardiovascular and central nervous systems were unremarkable. Her CA-125 (cancer antigen 125) levels were 18.4 U/ml (normal is <35 U/ml). Per speculum examination showed a growth at cervix measuring 4.8x4.5 cm, extending on upper 1/3rd of vagina and bleeding on palpation. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed large polypoidal heterogeneously enhancing T2 hyperintense mass involving cervix and extending to lower uterine body and upper half of vagina inferiorly. There was extension into bilateral parametria and invasion of posterior wall of bladder with resultant uterovesical fistula with right uterovesical junction and terminal ureter involvement. Bilateral ovaries were solid-cystic and enlarged.
Histopathological examination of cervical growth biopsy revealed cribriform adenocarcinoma of cervix showing stromal infiltration in the form of glandular confluence with cribriform architecture. Histopathology diagnosis was established as adenocarcinoma of cervix with cribriform pattern [Table/Fig-1-3]. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was advised to differentiate between primary cervical carcinoma and ovarian carcinoma metastasis. IHCs showed positivity for Cytokeratin 7 (CK7), Paired-box gene 8 (PAX8), Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), Caudal-type homeobox 2 (CDX2) and negative for Cytokeratin 20 (CK20), Wilms’ tumor gene (WT1); thus confirmed the cervical origin of the tumour. The tumour extended into bilateral parametria, posterior wall of bladder and ureter rendered it to be inoperable. Thus, chemotherapy and radiotherapy with further routine investigations were advised.
On follow-up; per abdomen examination revealed a palpable mass occupying both iliac, lumbar and umbilical areas arising from pelvis which was solid-cystic on sonography. She was diagnosed radiologically to have bilateral ovarian tumours.
Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and infracolic omentectomy was performed. Intraoperative findings included ascites of 1.5 litres with bilateral, irregular and solid cystic ovarian tumours. Right and left ovary measured 15×15×8 cm and 16×15×10 cm, respectively. Also, right and left ovary weighed 700 grams and 1260 grams, respectively. Lower cervix was adherent to the posterior bladder wall. Parametrium was involved up to lateral pelvic wall and para-aortic lymph nodes were palpable (FIGO stage IV A) (1). Postoperative period was uneventful.
Histopathology revealed moderately differentiated mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of bilateral ovaries exhibiting complex glandular architecture separated by fibrovascular stroma. Glands showed intestinal type lining with pseudostratification, nuclear atypia, and stromal invasion. Histopathology diagnosis was established as moderately differentiated bilateral mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (Table/Fig 4),(Table/Fig 5),(Table/Fig 6),(Table/Fig 7). IHC was advised to differentiate between primary ovarian carcinoma and cervical carcinoma metastasis and performed at a higher centre. IHC on ovarian tumour showed positivity for CK, CEA, CDX2, CK20 and negative for CA-125 and WT1; thus confirmed the ovarian origin of the tumour. Fallopian tubes and ascitic fluid were free of tumour. Infracolicomentum was also free of tumour.
Postoperative palliative chemotherapy with radiotherapy was given and patient underwent suprapubic cystostomy for passage of urine. Patient had undergone regular follow-up for two years.
Simultaneously occurring primary genital tract malignancies can be synchronous as in our case (2). Synchronous malignancies of cervix and ovaries are rare and only few cases are studied in literature (3). The most commonly encountered association consists of ovarian and endometrial cancers which accounts for 50-70% of all synchronous female genital tract tumours. As for the association between ovarian and cervical cancers only isolated cases have been reported so far (4). Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) programme defines synchronous cancers, as cancers of the endometrium and ovary diagnosed within 2 months of each other which in the present case was within one month interval. The patients with synchronous cancers experienced much better survival than those with single ovarian cancers in each stage strata. Synchronous cases may have a lead-time advantage over single ovarian cases because endometrial tumours more often present with gynaecologic-related symptoms that occur sooner and prompting clinical examination and treatment. Age adjusted hazard ratios showed a 67% reduced risk of death (5). After additionally adjusting for stage, the risk reduction for synchronous cancers was reduced to 53% (hazard ratio 0.47, 95% CI 0.42-0.53) (5). Overall, ovarian cancer survival rates are low because the disease tends to be diagnosed at late stages, whereas endometrial cancer tends to be diagnosed at an earlier stage, resulting in better survival (5).
While the aetiology remains unclear, it has been postulated that when simultaneously subjected to carcinogen, embryologically similar tissues of female genital tract may develop synchronous neoplasm. Others suggested that metaplasia may occur in similar histological epithelium of genital tract and peritoneum (6),(7). Certain risk factors associated with these synchronous cases include nulliparity, obesity, unopposed oestrogen use, late menopause, diabetes causing increasing chances of disease whereas plasma levels of beta-carotene, lycopene, folate, Vit-B12 are protective. Certain genes viz., p53, p21, CCND1, ERCC1 and Her2neu association is seen (8),(9). Earlier reported cases of synchronous ovarian and cervical carcinoma are elaborated in (Table/Fig 8) (3),(4),(7),(8),(10),(11).
Warren S and Gates O established three criteria for the diagnosis of multiple malignant primaries: 1) Each tumour must present a definite picture of malignancy; 2) Each tumour must be distinct; and 3) The possibility of one tumour being a metastasis of the other must be excluded (12). This case meets all three criteria. Human Papillomavirus-Deoxyribonucleic Acid (HPV-DNA) positive staining indicates metastatic involvement of ovary by cervical malignancy (10),(13),(14). Synchronous genital malignancies cause more clinical problem as compared to singly occurring once; hence such cases tend to be detected at an earlier stage (3). Based on case reports, 2patients which presented with single malignancy symptoms had difficulty to predict the possibility of synchronous malignancy [3,10]. In the present case, the patient had symptoms of cervical malignancy whereas ovarian malignancy was diagnosed after thorough investigations. Histopathological examination becomes confirmatory for diagnosis and the prognosis depends on malignancies being metastatic or synchronous. The latter group has a better prognosis (3),(10),(14).
Surgical management should be offered in all such cases as it greatly aids in diagnosis and staging for the reported tumours followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (15). This leads to improving overall survival and long term follow-up of such patients should be maintained to determine prognosis.
Thus, synchronous primary ovarian malignancy and cervical malignancy are rare. It requires proper staging and histopathological subtyping for diagnosis and improving prognosis, although their prognosis is better when compared with cases of single primaries. However, the difference in our case report was that the cervical malignancy was advanced involving the urinary bladder, ureter and bilateral parametria.
The authors would like to express their gratitude to Brahmakumaris Global Hospital and Research Centre managing BSES MG Hospital.
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2023/60203.17528
Date of Submission: Sep 20, 2022
Date of Peer Review: Dec 01, 2022
Date of Acceptance: Jan 10, 2023
Date of Publishing: Mar 01, 2023
AUTHOR DECLARATION:
• Financial or Other Competing Interests: None
• Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? Yes
• For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. No
PLAGIARISM CHECKING METHODS:
• Plagiarism X-checker: Sep 27, 2022
• Manual Googling: Dec 26, 2022
• iThenticate Software: Jan 02, 2023 (21%)
ETYMOLOGY: Author Origin
- Emerging Sources Citation Index (Web of Science, thomsonreuters)
- Index Copernicus ICV 2017: 134.54
- Academic Search Complete Database
- Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
- Embase
- EBSCOhost
- Google Scholar
- HINARI Access to Research in Health Programme
- Indian Science Abstracts (ISA)
- Journal seek Database
- Popline (reproductive health literature)
- www.omnimedicalsearch.com