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Authors are the souls of any journal, and deserve much respect. To publish a journal manuscripts are needed from authors. Authors have a great responsibility for producing facts of their work in terms of number and results truthfully and an individual honesty is expected from authors in this regards. Both ways its true "No authors-No manuscripts-No journals" and "No journals–No manuscripts–No authors". Reviewing a manuscript is also a very responsible and important task of any peer-reviewed journal and to be taken seriously. It needs knowledge on the subject, sincerity, honesty and determination. Although the process of reviewing a manuscript is a time consuming task butit is expected to give one's best remarks within the time frame of the journal.
Salient features of the JCDR: It is a biomedical, multidisciplinary (including all medical and dental specialities), e-journal, with wide scope and extensive author support. At the same time, a free text of manuscript is available in HTML and PDF format. There is fast growing authorship and readership with JCDR as this can be judged by the number of articles published in it i e; in Feb 2007 of its first issue, it contained 5 articles only, and now in its recent volume published in April 2011, it contained 67 manuscripts. This e-journal is fulfilling the commitments and objectives sincerely, (as stated by Editor-in-chief in his preface to first edition) i e; to encourage physicians through the internet, especially from the developing countries who witness a spectrum of disease and acquire a wealth of knowledge to publish their experiences to benefit the medical community in patients care. I also feel that many of us have work of substance, newer ideas, adequate clinical materials but poor in medical writing and hesitation to submit the work and need help. JCDR provides authors help in this regards.
Timely publication of journal: Publication of manuscripts and bringing out the issue in time is one of the positive aspects of JCDR and is possible with strong support team in terms of peer reviewers, proof reading, language check, computer operators, etc. This is one of the great reasons for authors to submit their work with JCDR. Another best part of JCDR is "Online first Publications" facilities available for the authors. This facility not only provides the prompt publications of the manuscripts but at the same time also early availability of the manuscripts for the readers.
Indexation and online availability: Indexation transforms the journal in some sense from its local ownership to the worldwide professional community and to the public.JCDR is indexed with Embase & EMbiology, Google Scholar, Index Copernicus, Chemical Abstracts Service, Journal seek Database, Indian Science Abstracts, to name few of them. Manuscriptspublished in JCDR are available on major search engines ie; google, yahoo, msn.
In the era of fast growing newer technologies, and in computer and internet friendly environment the manuscripts preparation, submission, review, revision, etc and all can be done and checked with a click from all corer of the world, at any time. Of course there is always a scope for improvement in every field and none is perfect. To progress, one needs to identify the areas of one's weakness and to strengthen them.
It is well said that "happy beginning is half done" and it fits perfectly with JCDR. It has grown considerably and I feel it has already grown up from its infancy to adolescence, achieving the status of standard online e-journal form Indian continent since its inception in Feb 2007. This had been made possible due to the efforts and the hard work put in it. The way the JCDR is improving with every new volume, with good quality original manuscripts, makes it a quality journal for readers. I must thank and congratulate Dr Hemant Jain, Editor-in-Chief JCDR and his team for their sincere efforts, dedication, and determination for making JCDR a fast growing journal.
Every one of us: authors, reviewers, editors, and publisher are responsible for enhancing the stature of the journal. I wish for a great success for JCDR."
Thanking you
With sincere regards
Dr. Rajendra Kumar Ghritlaharey, M.S., M. Ch., FAIS
Associate Professor,
Department of Paediatric Surgery, Gandhi Medical College & Associated
Kamla Nehru & Hamidia Hospitals Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462 001 (India)
E-mail: drrajendrak1@rediffmail.com
On May 11,2011
Dr. Shankar P.R.
"On looking back through my Gmail archives after being requested by the journal to write a short editorial about my experiences of publishing with the Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (JCDR), I came across an e-mail from Dr. Hemant Jain, Editor, in March 2007, which introduced the new electronic journal. The main features of the journal which were outlined in the e-mail were extensive author support, cash rewards, the peer review process, and other salient features of the journal.
Over a span of over four years, we (I and my colleagues) have published around 25 articles in the journal. In this editorial, I plan to briefly discuss my experiences of publishing with JCDR and the strengths of the journal and to finally address the areas for improvement.
My experiences of publishing with JCDR: Overall, my experiences of publishing withJCDR have been positive. The best point about the journal is that it responds to queries from the author. This may seem to be simple and not too much to ask for, but unfortunately, many journals in the subcontinent and from many developing countries do not respond or they respond with a long delay to the queries from the authors 1. The reasons could be many, including lack of optimal secretarial and other support. Another problem with many journals is the slowness of the review process. Editorial processing and peer review can take anywhere between a year to two years with some journals. Also, some journals do not keep the contributors informed about the progress of the review process. Due to the long review process, the articles can lose their relevance and topicality. A major benefit with JCDR is the timeliness and promptness of its response. In Dr Jain's e-mail which was sent to me in 2007, before the introduction of the Pre-publishing system, he had stated that he had received my submission and that he would get back to me within seven days and he did!
Most of the manuscripts are published within 3 to 4 months of their submission if they are found to be suitable after the review process. JCDR is published bimonthly and the accepted articles were usually published in the next issue. Recently, due to the increased volume of the submissions, the review process has become slower and it ?? Section can take from 4 to 6 months for the articles to be reviewed. The journal has an extensive author support system and it has recently introduced a paid expedited review process. The journal also mentions the average time for processing the manuscript under different submission systems - regular submission and expedited review.
Strengths of the journal: The journal has an online first facility in which the accepted manuscripts may be published on the website before being included in a regular issue of the journal. This cuts down the time between their acceptance and the publication. The journal is indexed in many databases, though not in PubMed. The editorial board should now take steps to index the journal in PubMed. The journal has a system of notifying readers through e-mail when a new issue is released. Also, the articles are available in both the HTML and the PDF formats. I especially like the new and colorful page format of the journal. Also, the access statistics of the articles are available. The prepublication and the manuscript tracking system are also helpful for the authors.
Areas for improvement: In certain cases, I felt that the peer review process of the manuscripts was not up to international standards and that it should be strengthened. Also, the number of manuscripts in an issue is high and it may be difficult for readers to go through all of them. The journal can consider tightening of the peer review process and increasing the quality standards for the acceptance of the manuscripts. I faced occasional problems with the online manuscript submission (Pre-publishing) system, which have to be addressed.
Overall, the publishing process with JCDR has been smooth, quick and relatively hassle free and I can recommend other authors to consider the journal as an outlet for their work."
Dr. P. Ravi Shankar
KIST Medical College, P.O. Box 14142, Kathmandu, Nepal.
E-mail: ravi.dr.shankar@gmail.com
On April 2011 Anuradha
Dear team JCDR, I would like to thank you for the very professional and polite service provided by everyone at JCDR. While i have been in the field of writing and editing for sometime, this has been my first attempt in publishing a scientific paper.Thank you for hand-holding me through the process.
Dr. Anuradha
E-mail: anuradha2nittur@gmail.com
On Jan 2020
Research Protocol
Full Version
Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Jati Ghrita and 1% Chlorhexidine Gluconate on Aphthous Stomatitis- A Research Protocol for Randomised Control Trial
Correspondence Address :
Devyani Taori,
Intern, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, DMIMS (Deemed To Be University), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha-442001, Maharashtra, India.
E-mail: dt.devut@gmail.com
Introduction: Aphthous ulcer is seen to be one of the most commonly occurring ailments found among patients that dentists may come across on a daily basis. Taking into consideration, the agents that have been used for treatment of Aphthous stomatitis safety, least toxic properties with symptomatic relief and topical application are considered. These days there are few reliable natural remedies which are emerging as a therapy for aphthae. Herbal and polyherbal medicines will alleviate pain, induce healing, prevent infection and lessen inflammation in aphthous ulcers without any adverse effects.
Aim: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of Jati Ghrita and 1% chlorhexidine gluconate on aphthous stomatitis patients.
Materials and Methods: A randomised control trial will be carried out for an expected time of 3-4 months, in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Dattatray Ayurvedic Rasashala, Wardha, Maharashtra, India. The study population consisting of 30 patients (age 18-65 years) with Aphthous stomatitis will be divided randomly into two groups i.e., Jati Ghrita and 1% Chlorhexidine gluconate, each group consisting of 15 patients. Efficacy will be assessed by patient’s response through Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and oral physician’s observation-5 point Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA) scale. The intergroup comparison will be done by independent sample t-test.
Expected Results: Jati Ghrita is expected to be effective in faster healing of aphthous stomatitis with reduction in pain. Jati is also expected to be more effective than 1% chlorhexidine gluconate.
Conclusion: Hence, this study will evaluate and compare the efficacy of Jati Ghrita and 1% chlorhexidine gluconate on aphthous stomatitis.
Inflammation, Recurrence, Ulcers, Triamcinolone
Aphthous stomatitis is one of the most frequently occurring oral mucosal conditions whose cause remains elusive. It is characterised by recurrent and painful ulcerations which may be of round or ovoid shape with varying diameter and circumscribed by margins and erythematous haloes in between. It is valuated to affect almost 5% to 50% of the population considering any age group. Suitable management of patients with aphthous stomatitis is largely symptomatic and should be directed on lessening ulcer duration, alleviating pain and decreasing or preventing ulcer recurrence. Treatment seeks to relieve pain and diminish functional disabilities, inhibit the acute inflammatory response, and minimise the frequency and severity of recursions (1). Those drugs that are used to treat Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS), it seems advisable to use the least toxic and safest medication that provides relief and can be applied topically (2).
These days, there are few reliable natural remedies which are emerging as a therapy for aphthae. Herbal and polyherbal medicines will alleviate pain, induce healing, prevent infection and lessen inflammation in aphthous ulcers without any adverse effects. According to World Health Organisation (WHO) (1993) almost 80% of the world’s inhabitants is reliant on conventional medicine and a main division of traditional treatments include the use of plant extracts or their active elements (3). Jati is one of such herbal modalities gaining attention for its versatile medicinal properties.
Jati (Jasminum officinale) has a number of traditional uses, including treating odontalgia, mobile teeth, ulcerative stomatitis, skin disorders, otorrhoea, hearing disorder, dysmenorrhoea, ulcers, wounds, ringworm, and corns (4). Jati extract along with ghee accelerates wound healing (5). As per mentioned in ayurveda, ghee facilitates percutaneous absorption of substances. Ghee being more lipophilic and after processing, lubricating ghee helps for better diffusion and percutaneous absorption of drugs and other substances which are topically applied (6).
Topical treatment modalities that are frequently used, includes topical glucocorticosteroids, local analgesics, antibiotic and astringents. Chlorhexidine gluconate gel 1.0% (Hexigel) is used to treat aphthous stomatitis (7). Previous literature has been reported to study the effects of curcumin and honey on Aphthous Stomatitis patients (8). But no study has been done till now for comparative evaluation of efficacy of Jati Ghrita and 1% chlorhexidine gluconate on Aphthous Stomatitis. Hence, to determine clinically the effectiveness and safety of Jati Ghrita on recurrent aphthous stomatitis, a comparative study will be conducted versus chlorhexidine gluconate gel (1.0%) to supervise the symptoms related to aphthous ulcers with a randomised control trial. Hence the study is planned RCT to evaluate and compare the efficacy of Jati Ghrita and 1% chlorhexidine gluconate on aphthous stomatitis patients.
A randomised control trial, approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee (ref. no.: DMIMS(DU)/IEC/2022/1173) will be held in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Dattatray Ayurvedic Rasashala, Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved College and Research Center, Salod, a constituent college of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University) Wardha Hospital and Central Research Laboratory Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Wardha, Maharashtra, India on patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis for an expected time period of 3-4 months. An informed written consent will be received from all the patients in addition with the explanation of the procedure to be performed. Only those patients who are ready to take part in the study will be considered.
Inclusion criteria: This study will include male and female patients, age between 18-65 years presenting with aphthous ulcers of less than 48 hours duration.
Exclusion criteria: Patients who are undergoing any treatment or therapy for aphthous ulcers, individuals with any known systemic disorders, pregnant and lactating women, and clinical conditions including serious kidney, liver and heart dysfunction will be excluded from the study.
Sample size calculation: with the help of formula given below:
n=(Z1-α/2+Z1-β)2 p1(1-p1)+p2 (1-p2)
(p1-p2)2
Proportion of outcome (p1)=0.80, Proportion of outcome (p2)=0.65 (8), Level of significance (α)=0.05, Power (1-β)=0.80, Z alpha value=1.96, Z beta value=0.84, =(1.96+0.84)2 0.80(1-0.80)+0.65(1-0.65), (0.80-0.65)2, Attrition=20%, Total Sample size=30
Procedure
A study population comprising of 30 patients that will be segregated randomly into two groups i.e., Jati Ghrita and 1% chlorhexidine gluconate, each group consisting of 15 patients. The period required to treat will be 5 days during which group A will be given Jati Ghrita and group B will be given 1% chlorhexidine gluconate, both to be applied topically by themselves twice a day.
Jati Ghrita will be prepared in Dattatray Ayurvedic Rasashala, Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved College and Research Center, Salod, a constituent college of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University) Wardha. Composition for 10gm- Jati patra swaras- 40ml, Jati patra kalk- 2.5gm and Goghrita 10gm (9).
Efficacy will be assessed by patient’s response-Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and oral physician’s observation-5 point Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA) scale (10). Hayes and Patterson in 1921 used the first pain rating scale as VAS. Scale is based on the scores which shows measures of symptoms that are reported by the patients that are taken down with a single handwritten mark assigned at a point alongside the length of a 10-cm line that denotes two ends of the scale i.e., “no pain” on the left extremity i.e., 0 cm of the scale and the “worst pain” on the right extremity of the scale i.e., 10 cm (10). IGAs denote the complete estimation of disease severity, which is comparatively simple to complete and evaluate clinical signs at once (11).
Bias: All the potential sources of bias has been eliminated.
Statistical Analysis
Analysis of the collected data will be done by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. The inter-group comparison will be done by independent sample t-test and descriptive statistics will be applied for mean and standard deviation of the variables. The significance level will be set at p-value<0.05.
Expected Outcomes /Results
Jati Ghrita is expected to be effective in faster healing of aphthous stomatitis with reduction in pain. Jati is also expected to be more effective than 1% chlorhexidine gluconate.
Miles DA et al., conducted a study in the year 1993 in which they analysed effectiveness of pain control of Chlorhexidine compared with Triamcinolone acetonide used to treat aphthous stomatitis. Their study involved 30 patients affected with aphthous ulceration. They were segregated randomly into three groups, one of these was a control group. The remaining were experimental groups that were topically given either triamcinolone acetonide or chlorhexidine digluconate. Patients were instructed to note their pain tolerance level on a ten centimetre VAS till the ulcer was completely healed. Based on the results, the authors concluded that there are high levels of significant differences in pain severity and perception during different days, and chlorhexidine reduces pain similarly to triamcinolone. Consequently, there was no remarkable difference found between chlorhexidine gluconate and triamcinolone acetonide (12).
In an experimental study conducted by Dhulappa M and Ashok W, in the year in 2013 on Jasminum grandiflorum, referred to its Vrana Ropana i.e., wound healing activity, evaluated the effectiveness of extract and kalka (paste) on excision wound model. The paste was obtained from leaf of Jati. The study involved healthy albino rats, which was carried out for twenty one days. Rats were segregated into three groups with each containing six. Extract and kalka were the two groups for the trial drug, one was a control group i.e., betadine ointment. Wound area was measured once by using graph in every four days and the data were analysed. Authors concluded that contraction of wound and epithelisation was enhanced by extract of Jati and paste of leaf i.e., kalka and its application showed equal effect with control group, therefore, in treatment of excised wound, jati extract and the paste of leaf is considered to be safer, efficacious and well tolerated (13).
Sathish HS et al., evaluated wound healing potential of medicated ghee. In their study, they have formulated the drug named as Jati Kalpa Ghrita which was derived from the combination of drugs having wound healing properties. Their study involved 110 patients divided into two groups A and B with 75 and 35 patients, respectively. They found that there was highly significant wound contraction with trial drug when compared to control group. Authors concluded that Jati Kalpa Ghrita is highly efficacious in healing of Shuddha Vrana and proves to be a potent drug for wound healing (14).
In the year 2019, Mangtani KN et al., conducted a study on the antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Jasminum officinale against oral pathogens in ulcer treatment. In their study, the antibacterial activity has been studied against S.aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis using an agar well diffusion method. They concluded that extract of Jasminum officinale leaves gives effective results against oral pathogens causing mouth ulcer and therefore, the authors can use natural medicines in place of antibiotics in future (15).
Aphthous stomatitis is frequently occurring oral mucosal condition of undetermined etiopathogenesis for which symptomatic therapy only is available. As a result, treatments are limited to suppressing symptoms rather than addressing susceptibility and prevention. Jati ghrita is composed of Jati leaves extract and ghee. As Jati has good medicinal properties and ghee accelerates wound healing, so combination of this will be effective for treating aphthous ulcers.
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2023/57651.17527
Date of Submission: May 10, 2022
Date of Peer Review: Jun 07, 2022
Date of Acceptance: Nov 21, 2022
Date of Publishing: Mar 01, 2023
AUTHOR DECLARATION:
• Financial or Other Competing Interests: None
• Was Ethics Committee Approval obtained for this study? Yes
• Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? Yes
• For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. NA
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