Year :
2020
| Month :
November
| Volume :
14
| Issue :
11
| Page :
ZC40 - ZC44
Full Version
Radiodensity of Various Dental Biomaterials for Endodontics: The Role of Particle Size
Published: November 1, 2020 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2020/43350.14291
Mohammad Ali Saghiri, Steven M Morgano, Hamed Kazerani, Shuying Jiang, James L Gutmann, Kasra Momeni, Franklin Garcia Godoy
1. Director of Biomaterial and Prosthodontic Laboratory and Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, New Jersey, USA; Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California, USA.
2. Professor and Chair, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, New Jersey, USA.
3. Instructor, Biomaterial and Prosthodontic Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, New Jersey, USA.
4. Research Associate, Academic Affairs, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
5. Professor and Chair, Department of Endodontics, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA.
6. Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA.
7. Professor, Bioscience Research Center, College of Dentistry, University of Tennes
Correspondence Address :
Dr. Mohammad Ali Saghiri, D.Eng., MS, PhD,
Director of Biomaterial and Prosthodontic Laboratory; Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, New Jersey, USA.
Office: MSB C639A, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Science- 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
E-mail: saghiri@gmail.com
Abstract
Introduction: The thickness threshold for detecting endodontic biomaterials depends on many factors, such as the nature of the radiopacifier and the particle size.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of thickness on radiodensity of various endodontic biomaterials; and evaluate the impact of radiopacifier particle size on radiodensity.
Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was conducted between August 2018 to December 2019. The study was divided in two parts, in first part, Six endodontic biomaterials (AH26, EndoSequence, Endoseal Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Nano-MTA, Endocem Zr, and MTA without radiopacifier) were selected and evaluated in different thicknesses, in second part, MTA mixed with Bismuth oxide 10 µm, 200 µm, 120 nm (Groups 1-3), and Zirconium oxide 5 μm, 1 μm and 20 nm (Groups 4-6) were placed in frames with 1 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.1 mm thicknesses to evaluate the radiopacity.
Results: The mean radiodensity was significantly different among various thickness (p<0.001) and materials (p<0.001). The changes of the radiodensity in various thickness from one material to the other were not uniform (interaction p-value <0.001). A 1 mm thickness had highest radiodensity (206.6±83.99), followed by 0.5 mm (68.9±24.6), 0.2 mm (17.9±4.9), and 0.1 mm thick material had least radiodensity (11.97±4.37). Materials of AH26 (99.1±103.2), Nano MTA (97.4±104.9), Endoseal MTA (87.86±101.4), Endosequence BC sealer (85.5±93.87) and Endocem Zr (71.88±77.67) were significantly different from the control group (16.38±10.85). The size of particles played important role in radiodensity (p<0.001). The radiodensity of Fine GIII (100 nm) material (112.68±108.47) was significantly higher than other materials: Thin GII (200 nm) (100.9±102.4), Fine GVI (20-40 nm) (99.7±95.1), Coarse GI (10 μm) (76.66±74.75), Thin GV (1~3 µm) (63.19±67.3), Coarse GIV (5 µm) (49.66±51.59) and MTA without Radiopaque Agent GVII (100%) (23.67±19.68). The effect of the thickness on radiodensity was different for each biomaterial, with significant differences from the control group.
Conclusion: One of the readily available methods for increasing radiodensity is to increase the amount of radiopacifier, which might compromise the physical properties of the material. Fine particle radiopacifier (120 nm) with 1 mm thickness has significantly higher radiodensity than any other biomaterials in this study. Within the limitations of the current study, it can be concluded that the radiopacifier particle size has a significant impact on the level of radiodensity of dental biomaterials. Finding the optimum distribution, size, and geometry of radiopacifier particles within the same fraction rate can enhance the radiodensity.
Keywords
Bismuth oxide, Particle size, Radiopacifier, Zirconium oxide
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2020/43350.14291
Date of Submission: Dec 03, 2019
Date of Peer Review: Jan 18, 2020
Date of Acceptance: Sep 09, 2020
Date of Publishing: Nov 01, 2020
AUTHOR DECLARATION:
• Financial or Other Competing Interests: None
• Was Ethics Committee Approval obtained for this study? NA
• Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? NA
• For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. NA
PLAGIARISM CHECKING METHODS:
• Plagiarism X-checker: Dec 03, 2019
• Manual Googling: Apr 06, 2020
• iThenticate Software: Oct 28, 2020 (8%)
ETYMOLOGY: Author Origin
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