Year :
2015
| Month :
October
| Volume :
9
| Issue :
10
| Page :
UC01 - UC04
Full Version
Acute Poisonings Admitted to a Tertiary Level Intensive Care Unit in Northern India: Patient Profile and Outcomes
Published: October 1, 2015 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2015/.6632
Hemani Ahuja, Ashu Sara Mathai, Aman Pannu, Rohit Arora
1. Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
2. Professor, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
3. Biostatistician, Department of Neurology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
4. Consultant Eye Surgeon, Department of Ophthalmology, Dr Rohit Eye Care Hospital, Jagraon, India.
Correspondence Address :
Dr. Hemani Ahuja,
Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Christian Medical College and Hospital,
Ludhiana-141008, Punjab, India.
E-mail: hemaniahuja@gmail.com
Abstract
Background: Poisoning is becoming a real health care burden for developing countries like India. An improved knowledge of the patterns of poisonings, as well as the clinical course and outcomes of these cases can help to formulate better preventive and management strategies. Aim: To study the demographic and clinical profiles of patients admitted to the ICU with acute poisoning and to study the factors that predict their mortality.
Materials and Methods: Retrospective two years (September 1, 2010 to August 31, 2012) study of all consecutive patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with acute poisoning at a tertiary care hospital in Northern India.
Results: Out of the 67 patients admitted to the ICU during the study period, the majority were young (median age 29 years) males (69%) who had consumed poison intentionally. Pesticides were the most commonly employed poison, notably organophosphorus compounds (22 patients, 32.8%) and aluminium phosphide (14 patients, 20.9%). While the overall mortality from all poisonings was low (18%), aluminium phosphide was highly toxic, with a mortality rate of 35%. The factors at ICU admission that were found to be associated with a significant risk of death were, high APACHE II and SOFA scores (p =0.0001 and p=0.006, respectively), as well as the need for mechanical ventilation and drugs for vasoactive support (p=0.012 and p= 0.0001, respectively).
Conclusion: Use of pesticides for intentional poisoning continues to be rampant in Northern India, with many patients presenting in a critical condition to tertiary level hospitals. Pesticide regulations laws, educational awareness, counseling and poison information centers will help to curtail this public health problem.
Keywords
Phosphide, Mortality, Organophosphate poisonings, Poisoning agents
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/16008.6632
Date of Submission: Jul 31, 2015
Date of Peer Review: Aug 15, 2015
Date of Acceptance: Aug 28, 2015
Date of Publishing: Oct 01, 2015
Financial OR OTHER COMPETING INTERESTS: None.
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